• Wide spectrum of features from minor to major

• Affects 1 in 2500 female live births

• Almost all females with Turner syndrome have short stature and loss of ovarian function

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FEATURES

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• Short webbed neck

• Low posterior hairline

• Low set ears

• Hands and feet may be swollen at birth

• Short Stature (final adult height may be increased with the use of growth hormone)

• Usually ovarian function lost in early childhood therefore do not enter puberty

• Older girls and women should be maintained on oestrogen-progesterone treatment to maintain secondary sexual development

• Hypothyroidism (30%)

• Type II Diabetes (twice community risk)

• At risk for osteoporosis

• In general IQ normal, however may have difficulty with math and geometry

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CARDIOVASCULAR FEATURES

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• Coarctation of the aorta (10-15%)

• Bicuspid aortic valves

• Hypetension (may be renal in origin)

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RENAL FEATURES

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• Horseshoe kidney

• Abnormal collecting system

• Abnormal arterial supply